Rotate Image Problem Solution

Rotate Image Problem: You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image, rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Input: matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
Output: [[7,4,1],[8,5,2],[9,6,3]]

Rotate Image Problem Solution

Problem Solution In Python

class Solution:
    def rotate(self, matrix: List[List[int]]) -> None:
        lb = 0
        ub = len(matrix) - 1
        while(lb < ub):
            for i in range(ub - lb):
                self.swap(matrix, (lb, i + lb), (ub - i, lb))
                self.swap(matrix, (ub - i, lb), (ub, ub - i))
                self.swap(matrix, (ub, ub - i), (i + lb, ub))
            ub -= 1
            lb += 1
            
    def swap(self, matrix, coords1, coords2):
        temp = matrix[coords1[0]][coords1[1]]
        matrix[coords1[0]][coords1[1]] = matrix[coords2[0]][coords2[1]]
        matrix[coords2[0]][coords2[1]] = temp

Problem Solution In Java

class Solution {
    public void rotate(int[][] matrix) {
        int n = matrix.length, half = matrix.length/2, columnStart = 0;
        for (int row=0; row<half; row++) {
            for (int column=columnStart; column<n-1; column++) {
                rotateE(matrix, row, column);
            }
            n--;
            columnStart++;
        }
    }
    
    public void rotateE(int[][] matrix, int row, int column) {
        int n = matrix.length-1; 
        int tmp1 = matrix[n-column][row], tmp2 = matrix[row][column], tmp3 = matrix[column][n-row], tmp4 = matrix[n-row][n-column];
        matrix[row][column] = tmp1;
        matrix[column][n-row] = tmp2;
        matrix[n-row][n-column] = tmp3;
        matrix[n-column][row] = tmp4;
    }
}

Problem Solution In C++

class Solution {
public:
    void rotate(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
        int s = matrix.size();
        int temp;

        for (int  i = 0; i < s; i++){
            for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
                temp = matrix[i][j];
                matrix[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
                matrix[j][i] = temp;
             }       
        }
        
        for (int i = 0; i < s; i++)
            reverse(matrix[i].begin(), matrix[i].end());
        
    }
};

Problem Solution In C

void rotate(int** matrix, int matrixRowSize, int matrixColSize) {
    int begin = 0, end = matrixRowSize - 1;
    int tmp;
    int i;
    while(end > begin) {
        for(i = begin; i < end; ++i) {
            tmp = matrix[begin][i];
            matrix[begin][i] = matrix[end - i + begin][begin];
            matrix[end - i + begin][begin] = matrix[end][end - i + begin];
            matrix[end][end - i + begin]  = matrix[i][end];
            matrix[i][end] = tmp;
        }
        ++begin;
        --end;
    }
}